饮食，肠道与T1D: 小麦衍生肽的作用？
The role of the gut and gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the development of type 1 diabetes has come into the research focus over the last 20 years.
在过去的20年中，T1D病变过程中的肠道和肠道相关淋巴组织的作用已成为研究重点。
Accumulated evidence suggests that the gut is involved in the pathogenesis of this immune-mediated disease, and there seem to be several mechanisms by which such an effect may be mediated (1).
大量证据表明，这一免疫性疾病的发病机制与肠道有关，其中可能存在几种不同的机制。
Decreased microbial diversity in the gut, increased intestinal permeability, local inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, and abnormal mucosal immune responses all may contribute to the appearance of β-cell autoimmunity and further progression to overt type 1 diabetes.
肠道中微生物多样性的减少、肠通透性的增加、消化系统的局部炎症和不正常的粘膜反应均可能导致β细胞的自身免疫反应，从而加快T1D显现的进程。
The intestinal mucosa comprises the largest surface area in the body, and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue represents the most extensive immune organ. The gut plays accordingly a crucial role in the interaction between the host and the environment.
肠粘膜是人体最大表面积的组织，肠道相关淋巴组织是最广泛的免疫组织。因此，肠道在机体和外界环境的交换中起着重要的作用。
Given that type 1 diabetes is the unfortunate consequence of the combined effects of the individual genetic setup and exogenous and host-related factors, it is not surprising that the gut might be involved in the process leading to clinical disease.
因为T1D是内在基因和外在相关因素共同作用导致的不良结果，所以肠道可能在致病过程中起到作用也就不足为奇。
In this issue of Diabetes, Mojibian et al. (2) report that approximately half of the patients with type 1 diabetes, whom they studied, had a proliferative T-cell response to dietary wheat polypeptides and that the cytokine profile of the response was predominantly proinflammatory.
在这种糖尿病所致的结果中，Mojibian等报道在他们所研究的大约一半的T1D患者中具有针对小麦多肽的T细胞增殖反应，且细胞因子方面的反应主要是促炎症反应。
A positive T-cell response to wheat polypeptides was associated with the HLA DR4-DQ8 haplotype but surprisingly not with the HLA DR3-DQ2 haplotype, which confers strong susceptibility to celiac disease.
针对小麦多肽的阳性反应与HLA DR4-DQ8单倍型有关，却不是腹部消化性疾病的强易感基因HLA DR3-DQ2单倍型。
The investigators interpret their observations as reflecting a diabetes-related inflammatory state in the gut immune system associated with defective oral tolerance and a possible gut barrier dysfunction (Fig. 1).
研究者将他们的发现解释为肠道免疫系统中糖尿病相关的炎性状态的反应，这种反应与口服免疫耐受缺陷和可能的肠道屏障机能不良有关。
Accordingly, these observations add to the accumulating concept that the gut is an active player in the diabetes disease process.
因此，这些发现增加了对肠道在糖尿病过程中扮演有效角色的认识。
编译：
饮食，肠道与T1D: 小麦衍生肽的作用？
过去20年中，对T1D病变过程中肠道及肠道相关淋巴组织的所起的作用已成为研究重点。大量证据表明，这一免疫性疾病的发病机制与肠道有关，其机制存在几种不同的可能。肠道中微生物多样性的减少、肠通透性的增加、消化系统的局部炎症和不正常的粘膜反应均可能导致β细胞的自身免疫反应，从而加快T1D出现的进程。因为T1D是内在基因和外在相关因素共同作用导致的不良结果，所以肠道在致病过程中可能起到作用也就不足为奇。
在这一期的Diabetes杂志中，Mojibian等报道在他们所研究的大约一半的T1D患者中具有针对小麦多肽的T细胞增殖反应，且细胞因子方面的反应主要是促炎症反应。针对小麦多肽的阳性反应与HLA DR4-DQ8单倍型有关，却不是腹部消化性疾病的强易感基因HLA DR3-DQ2单倍型。研究者认为其原因是肠道免疫系统中糖尿病相关的炎性状态的反应，这种反应与口服免疫耐受缺陷和可能的肠道屏障机能不良有关。因此，这些发现增加了对肠道在糖尿病过程中扮演有效角色的认识。
转自丁香园动态版
发布：风清扬
编译：crqcrq
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